Discusses 2006 and 2008 referendums that banned affirmative action in some states while upholding it in others, and offers a defense of affirmative action in public and private institutions, discussing the practice as a tool for social reform.

Current racial and sexual discrimination -- A legal history of race-and sex-based affirmative action -- How best to define affirmative action -- A defense of outreach affirmative action -- A defense of remedial affirmative action -- Objections to remedial affirmative action -- A defense of diversity affirmative action -- Objections to diversity affirmative action -- Affirmative action around the world.